Minoru "Shino" Shinohara, PhD, FACSM

Associate Professor

School of Applied Physiology
IGERT: Hybrid Neural Microsystems Program Faculty
Bioengineering Program Faculty
Georgia Institute of Technology

Research Physiologist
Center of Excellence for Aging Veterans with Vision Loss
Atlanta VA Medical Center

Adjunct Associate Professor
Department of Physiology
Emory University School of Medicine

Office: 356 Centennial Research Building (CRB)
Email to "Shino"
Lab: Neuromuscular Physiology Lab
 Shino

Education

  • Ph.D., Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, University of Tokyo, Japan
  • M.Ed., Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, University of Tokyo, Japan
  • B.Ed., Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, University of Tokyo, Japan

Research Interests

Shino's research interests include physiological and biomechanical mechanisms underlying fine motor skills and their adjustments and adaptations to heightened sympathetic nerve activity, divided attention, neuromuscular fatigue, aging, and practice in humans. He uses state-of-the-art techniques in neuroscience, physiology, and biomechanics (e.g., transcranial magnetic stimulation, EEG, single motor unit recordings, microneurography, and mechanomyography) in identifying these mechanisms.
Neuromuscular Physiology Lab web site

Honors and Awards

  • Visiting Scholar Award, American College of Sports Medicine
  • Research Travel Award, American Society of Biomechanics
  • Research Career Enhancement Award, American Physiological Society
  • Fellow, American Collge of Sports Medicine
  • New Investigator Award, Japanese Society for College Physical Education and Sports
  • National Science Foundation (NSF): GRF Neurosciences & Physiology Panel
  • Nederland Organization for Scientific Research (NOW): Grant Reviewer

Editorial Board Member

  • Journal of Applied Physiology
  • Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
  • Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Regular Member

  • American College of Sports Medicine (Fellow)
  • American Physiological Society
  • American Society of Biomechanics
  • Society for Neuroscience

Guest Referee

  • Acta Physiologica
  • American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
  • British Journal of Sports Medicine
  • Clinical Neurophysiology
  • European Journal of Applied Physiology
  • Experimental Brain Research
  • Human Movement Science
  • International Journal of Sport and Health Science
  • International Journal of Sports Medicine
  • Journal of Applied Physiology
  • Journal of Biomechanics
  • Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
  • Journal of Gerontology
  • Journal of Motor Behavior
  • Journal of Neurophysiology
  • Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
  • Motor Control
  • Muscle & Nerve
  • Neurorehabiliation and Neural Repair
  • Neuroscience Letters
  • Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports
  • Somatosensory and Motor Research

Select Publications

  • Kamibayashi K, Nakazawa K, Ogata H, Obata H, Akai M, Shinohara M. Invariable H-reflex and sustained facilitation of stretch reflex with heightened sympathetic outflow. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, in press.
  • Shinohara M. Muscle activation strategies in multiple muscle systems. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 41:181-183, 2009.
  • Shinohara M, Yoshitake Y, Kouzaki M. Alterations in synergistic muscle activation impact fluctuations in net force. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 41:191-197, 2009.
  • Yoshitake Y, Masani K, Shinohara M. Laser-detected lateral muscle displacement is correlated with force fluctuations during voluntary contractions in humans. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 173:271-8, 2008.
  • Shinohara M, Keenan KG, Enoka RM. Fluctuations in motor output of a hand muscle can be altered by the mechanical properties of the position sensor. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 168: 164-173, 2008.
  • Yoshitake Y, Kouzaki M, Fukuoka H, Fukunaga T, Shinohara M. Modulation of muscle activity and force fluctuations in the plantarflexors after bedrest depends on the knee position. Muscle & Nerve 35: 745-55, 2007.
  • Kouzaki M, Shinohara M. The frequency of alternate muscle activity is associated with the attenuation in muscle fatigue. Journal of Applied Physiology 101: 715-720, 2006.
  • Shinohara M, Yoshitake Y, Kouzaki M, Fukunaga T. The medial gastrocnemius muscle attenuates force fluctuations during plantar flexion. Experimental Brain Research 169: 15-23, 2006.
  • Maluf KS, Shinohara M, Stephenson JL, Enoka RM. Muscle activation and time to task failure differ with load type and contraction intensity for a human hand muscle. Experimental Brain Research 167: 165-177, 2005.
  • Shinohara M, Moritz CT, Pascoe MA, Enoka RM. Prolonged muscle vibration increases stretch reflex amplitude, motor unit discharge rate and force fluctuations in a hand muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology 99: 1835-1842, 2005.
  • Shinohara M, Keenan KG, Enoka RM. Fluctuations in motor output during steady contractions are weakly related across contraction types and between hands. Muscle & Nerve 31: 741-750, 2005.
  • Yoshitake Y, Shinohara M, Kouzaki M, Fukunaga T. Fluctuations in plantarflexion force are reduced after prolonged tendon vibration. Journal of Applied Physiology 97: 2121-2131, 2004.
  • Kouzaki M, Shinohara M, Masani K, Fukunaga T. Force fluctuations are modulated by alternate muscle activity of knee extensor synergists during low-level sustained contraction. Journal of Applied Physiology 97: 2090-2097, 2004.
  • Kang N, Shinohara M, Zatsiorsky VM, Latash ML. Learning multi-finger synergies: an uncontrolled manifold analysis. Experimental Brain Research 157: 336-350, 2004.
  • Shinohara M, Scholtz JP, Zatsiorsky VM, Latash ML. Finger interaction during accurate multi-finger force production tasks in young and elderly persons. Experimental Brain Research 156: 282-292, 2004.

Reviews and Chapters

  • Aoki T, Shinohara M, Kinoshita H. Motor control of individual fingers. In: Shinohara M Ed, Advances in neuromuscular physiology of motor skills and muscle fatigue. Research Signpost, in press.
  • Kouzaki M, Shinohara M. Alternation in muscle activity to reduce muscle fatigue. In: Shinohara M Ed, Advances in neuromuscular physiology of motor skills and muscle fatigue. Research Signpost, in press.
  • Yoshitake Y, Shinohara M. Steady force control in multiple muscle systems. In: Shinohara M Ed, Advances in neuromuscular physiology of motor skills and muscle fatigue. Research Signpost, in press.
  • Shinohara M, Sogaard K. Mechanomyography for studying force fluctuations and muscle fatigue. Exercise and Sport Science Reviews 34: 59-64, 2006.
  • Latash ML, Shim JK, Shinohara M, Zatsiorsky VM. Changes in finger coordination with advanced age. Latash ML and Lestienne F, eds. Motor Control and Learning. New York: Springer, pp.141-160, 2006.
  • Shinohara M. Effects of prolonged vibration on motor unit activity and motor performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 37: 2120-2125, 2005.

Book Editor

  • Shinohara M Ed. Advances in Neuromuscular Physiology of Motor Skills and Muscle Fatigue, Research Signpost, in press.

Conference Organizer

  • Co-organizer of "Noise, Time Delay and Balance Control" at Banff International Research Station, 2009 (5-day workshop).

Conference Presentations

  • Kouzaki M, Shinohara M. Involuntary neural strategies to enhance muscle endurance. The 56th Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, 2009.
  • Johnson AN, Vohra S, Shinohara M. Interference from divided attention with additional motor or cognitive task to motor accuracy. The 56th Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, 2009.
  • Ishibashi R, Isaka T, Ichikawa D, Kawamura S, Shinohara M. Interference to force accuracy with a mechanical disturbance to the contralateral hand during bilateral tasks. The 56th Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, 2009.
  • Kinugasa R, Shinohara M. Possibility for assessing low-force muscle activation with real-time magnetic resonance imaging combined with vascular occlusion. The 56th Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, 2009.
  • Kouzaki M, Shinohara M. Steadiness during plantar flexion is associated with postural sway in young but not elderly adults. The 56th Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, 2009.
  • Buharin VE, Shinohara M. Effects of noise vibration on neuromuscular activity and balance control duirng quiet standing. Southeastern Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics, 2009.
  • Marquardt K, Shinohara M. Effect of sub-sensory noise on balance control in transtibial amputees. The 35th Annual Meeting and Scientific Symposium of the American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists, 2009.
  • Ueda J, Hyderabadwala M, Ding M, Ogasawara T, Krishnamoorthy V, Shinohara M. Individual muscle control using an exoskeleton robot for muscle function testing. The 2nd Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference, 2009.
  • Ueda J, Hyderabadwala M, Krishnamoorthy V, Shinohara M. Motor task planning for neuromuscular function tests using an individual muscle control technique. IEEE 11th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, 2009.
  • Yoshitake Y, Shinohara M. Etiology of mechanomyogram and its application to motor control. The 53rd Conference of the Institute of Systems, Control and Information Engineers, 2009.